山火事の煙

どんな災害か

Wildfire smoke is a mix of gases and fine particles from burning plants and buildings. It can travel hundreds of miles, so you can breathe unhealthy air even when the fire is far away.

危険にさらされやすい人

Everyone can be affected, but the risk is highest for children, older adults, pregnant people, outdoor workers, and anyone with asthma, lung disease or heart disease.

今すぐできる備え

1. Learn how to check the Air Quality Index for your area at AirNow.gov.
2. Buy N95 or P100 masks that fit each adult in your home. Cloth and surgical masks do not stop smoke particles.
3. Get a portable air cleaner with a HEPA filter for one room, or learn how to make a box-fan filter.
4. If you have central air, ask about the highest-rated filter your system can take (MERV 13 or higher if possible).
5. Choose a clean room in your home with as few windows and doors as possible.
6. If someone in your home has asthma or heart or lung disease, ask their doctor for a plan for smoky days and keep extra medicine.

発生したら

1. Stay indoors with windows and doors closed when the air is unhealthy.
2. Run your air cleaner in your clean room and set air conditioning to recirculate.
3. Avoid things that add to indoor pollution: candles, frying, smoking and vacuuming.
4. Wear a well-fitting N95 or P100 mask if you must go outside.
5. If it gets too hot to stay inside with windows closed, go somewhere with cleaner, cooler air.
6. Get medical help for trouble breathing, chest pain or a fast heartbeat.

発生後

1. Keep checking air quality; smoke can come back when the wind changes.
2. Replace air filters that are dirty or grey.
3. Air out your home once outdoor air is clean.
4. Wear a mask and gloves when cleaning ash, and dampen it first instead of sweeping it dry.

公的な情報源

• AirNow.gov: Air quality and smoke
• Ready.gov: Wildfires
• CDC: Wildfire smoke
• National Weather Service: Wildfire safety

このガイドは公開されている情報をまとめたものです。必ず地元当局や緊急機関の指示に従ってください。